HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PENGETAHUAN AYAH PEROKOK AKTIF TENTANG PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS SINGGANI TAHUN 2025
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PENGETAHUAN AYAH PEROKOK AKTIF TENTANG PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS SINGGANI TAHUN 2025
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Balita merupakan kelompok paling rentan terhadap pneumonia karena sistem pernapasan yang belum matang sepenuhnya. Paparan asap rokok, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, terbukti menjadi faktor risiko utama yang meningkatkan insidensi pneumonia, dan infeksi saluran pernapasan lainnya pada balita 3-9 kali lipat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keterkaitan antara tingkat pendidikan ayah yang aktif merokok dengan tingkat pemahaman mereka tentang penyakit pneumonia pada anak balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah responden sebanyak 100 orang ayah yang dilakukan dengan purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian penunjukkan bahwa mayoritas ayah perokok aktif memiliki latar pendidikan menengah (72,3%), diikuti oleh pendidikan tinggi (45,8%), dan hanya sedikit yang berpendidikan dasar (3%), 74% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang pneumonia pada balita, dengan 22,9% memiliki pengetahuan baik dan hanya 3% yang pengetahuannya kurang. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan pengetahuan ayah perokok aktif mengenai pneumonia pada balita dengan p-value <0,001 (p <0,05). Disarankan intervensi kesehatan masyarakat yang disesuaikan dengan tingkat pendidikan, terutama untuk kelompok berpendidikan rendah, guna mengurangi risiko pneumonia pada balita akibat paparan asap rokok.
ABSTRACT
Background: Toddlers are the most vulnerable group to pneumonia because their respiratory systems are not yet fully developed. Exposure to cigarette smoke, both directly and indirectly, has been proven to be a major risk factor that increases the incidence of pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections in toddlers by 3-9 times. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the educational level of fathers who actively smoke and their level of understanding of pneumonia in toddlers.
Methods: The quantitative analytical design used in this study is a cross-sectional approach. A total of 100 fathers surveyed through purposive sampling met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: The results of the study indicate that the majority of active smokers have a secondary education (72.3%), followed by higher education (45.8%), and only a few have a primary education (3%). Seventy-four percent of respondents have sufficient knowledge about pneumonia in toddlers, with 22.9% having a good understanding, and 3% having insufficient knowledge. There was a significant relationship between education level and the knowledge of active smoking fathers about pneumonia in infants with a p-value <0.001 (p <0.05). It is recommended that public health interventions be tailored to education levels, especially for low-educated groups, to reduce the risk of pneumonia in infants due to exposure to cigarette smoke.
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