Analysis of Risk Factor of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Patients Receiving Treatment at the Pulmonary Clinic of Anutapura Regional General Hospital, Palu, In 2024

Salmah Suciaty; Mey Dwi Rabiyanti; Sakina Abdullah

Salmah Suciaty Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alkhairaat
Mey Dwi Rabiyanti Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alkhairaat
Sakina Abdullah Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alkhairaat

Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis; Risk Factors; Gender; Case Control.

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis andi s still one of the major health problems in the world. Transmission occurs through nuclear droplets that are inhaled until they reach the pulmonary alveoli. Globally, in 2024, there will bea n estimated 10.6 million cases of TB with 1.2 million deaths. Indonesia ranks second with the highest number of cases after India, and in Central Sulawesi, there are 44.555 cases, including 294 cases found at RSUD Anutapura Palu. The high incidence rate shows the need to identify risk factors related to pulmonary TB as a basis for disease prevention and control planning.

Objective: This study aims to find out and analyze factors related to the incidence of pulmonary TB in patients undergoing treatment at the Pulmonary Polyclinic of RSUD Anutapura Palu in 2024.

Methods: This study used an analytical observasional design with a case-control approach. The sample consisted of patients diagnosed and undiagnosed with pulmonary TB and undergoing outpatient treatment at the Pulmonary Polyclinic of RSUD Anutapura Palu in 2024, who met the research inclusion criteria, namely 122 patiens. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the chi-sqaure test.

Results: Based on the results of the univariate analysis, it was shown that the majority of respondents were male in the age group of late adulthood to eldery, with normal nutritional status and no history of comorbid disease. Bivariate analysis showed that sex had a meaningfull relationship with the incidance of pulmonary TB (p=0.039), where males had a higher risk than females. Meanwhile, age (p=0.494), nutritional status (p=0.209), and history of comorbidities (p=0.088) did not show a statistically significant relationship.

Conclusion: This study concludes that the risk factor related to the incidance of pulmonary TB in patients treated at RSUD Anutapura Palu in 2024 is gender. Meanwhile, age, nutritional status and history of comorbidities did not show a meaningful relationship.03) were independent risk factors for mortality in people with sepsis

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